Experimental Investigation of Wire-Explosion Triggered Arcing for Transformer Fire-Explosion Failure Simulation

LI Yuanqi; WANG Li; GE Yining; WANG Ke; LI Jinzhong; LIANG Fan; LIU Xuandong; LI Gang; LI Geqi

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202508017

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Experimental Investigation of Wire-Explosion Triggered Arcing for Transformer Fire-Explosion Failure Simulation

更新时间：2025-07-30

- Experimental Investigation of Wire-Explosion Triggered Arcing for Transformer Fire-Explosion Failure Simulation
- Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 8, Pages: 177-186(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学电气工程学院， 710049，西安
  2.中国电力科学研究院有限公司， 100192，北京
  3.国家电网有限公司， 100031，北京
  4.国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司， 450099，郑州
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202508017
  CLC： TM403.4
- Received：12 December 2024，
  
  Online First：31 March 2025，
  
  Published：10 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
LI Yuanqi, WANG Li, GE Yining, et al. Experimental Investigation of Wire-Explosion Triggered Arcing for Transformer Fire-Explosion Failure Simulation[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(8): 177-186.
DOI：

LI Yuanqi, WANG Li, GE Yining, et al. Experimental Investigation of Wire-Explosion Triggered Arcing for Transformer Fire-Explosion Failure Simulation[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(8): 177-186. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202508017.

摘要

针对变压器有载分接开关电弧故障对输电安全和稳定性构成重大威胁的现实，以及校核变压器安全性的燃爆实验所采用的金属丝引弧方式存在金属丝电爆炸产物对变压器电弧故障压力特性影响机制尚不明确的问题，提出了一种基于金属丝爆炸实验与特性分析的对比研究方法。通过搭建油中金属丝电爆炸实验平台，研究了油中金属丝电爆炸的典型发展过程及其放电特性和压力特征，实验结果表明：金属丝电爆炸放电过程可以分为相爆前、相爆至电压峰值、电离以及击穿4个阶段；过程中，系统储能将显著影响金属丝电爆炸的放电模式以及后续压力特性，而金属丝尺寸则与引弧过程的能量损失具有直接联系，二者均会对放电通道的状态以及电弧通道的能量沉积过程产生影响，进而显著影响电弧初期的冲击波压力及其传播规律。该研究结果有助于深入认识油中金属丝电爆炸过程，并为完善变压器燃爆模拟试验方案提供参考。

Abstract

To address the critical threat posed by arcing faults in transformer on-load tap changers to power transmission safety and stability

and the unclear mechanisms of how wire-explosion byproducts influence pressure characteristics in conventional transformer fire-explosion tests

this study proposes a comparative research methodology combining wire-explosion experiments with characteristic analysis. An oil-immersed wire-explosion experimental platform is established to investigate the typical development process

discharge characteristics

and pressure features. The findings demonstrate that: the wire-explosion discharge process exhibits four distinct phases-pre-explosion

explosion-to-voltage-peak

ionization

and breakdown; system stored energy significantly determines discharge modes and subsequent pressure characteristics

while wire dimensions directly correlate with energy loss during arc initiation

both critically affecting discharge channel conditions and energy deposition processes; these factors collectively govern initial shockwave pressure and propagation patterns. This research provides fundamental insights into oil-immersed wire electrical explosion processes and offers valuable references for optimizing transformer fire-explosion simulation test protocols.

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