Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Gas-Liquid Heat Transfer During the Initial Stage of Non-Equilibrium Flash Evaporation

FENG Tianhuangrui; ZHANG Yin; LI Xiaoran; WU Weifeng

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202508011

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Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Gas-Liquid Heat Transfer During the Initial Stage of Non-Equilibrium Flash Evaporation

更新时间：2025-07-30

- Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Gas-Liquid Heat Transfer During the Initial Stage of Non-Equilibrium Flash Evaporation
- Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 8, Pages: 112-121(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院， 710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202508011
  CLC： TK219
- Received：28 February 2025，
  
  Online First：31 March 2025，
  
  Published：10 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
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FENG Tianhuangrui, ZHANG Yin, LI Xiaoran, et al. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Gas-Liquid Heat Transfer During the Initial Stage of Non-Equilibrium Flash Evaporation[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(8): 112-121.
DOI：

FENG Tianhuangrui, ZHANG Yin, LI Xiaoran, et al. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Gas-Liquid Heat Transfer During the Initial Stage of Non-Equilibrium Flash Evaporation[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(8): 112-121. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202508011.

摘要

为解决三角闪蒸循环系统中膨胀腔内工质热力参数难以测定的问题，研究了闪蒸启始阶段气液相间换热的过程。搭建等效膨胀实验台，模拟水工质两相膨胀机腔内的闪蒸过程，采用高速摄影技术观测闪蒸腔内的气液相变。基于无量纲参数归一化方法建立气液界面传热模型，并与相同工况下实验台的实测数据进行对比。研究结果表明：在闪蒸腔内蒸发与排气建立动态平衡的过程中，启始阶段腔内压力呈V型变化，分为压力骤降、压力回升、准稳态3个阶段；采用所构建模型得到的预测值与实验值的吻合度大于94%；液体初始温度上升导致过热度增大，闪蒸强度提高，液体初始温度每升高10 ℃，过热度极值增大约15%，闪蒸速率增加约20%～30%；随着阀门开度从25%增大至70%，闪蒸气体通流面积增加，平均压降速率从54.73 kPa/s增加至122.47 kPa/s，导致液体内部温度梯度增大、局部过热度上升，闪蒸速率也由0.38 kg/s非线性提升至0.56 kg/s。该研究可为三角闪蒸循环系统两相膨胀机的设计与运行优化提供参考。

Abstract

To address the challenge in determining thermodynamic parameters of working mediums within the expansion chamber of triangular flash cycle systems

the heat transfer process between vapor and liquid phases during initial flash evaporation is investigated. An equivalent expansion test rig is established to simulate the flash evaporation process in a two-phase expander chamber using water as the working medium

with high-speed photography employed to observe vapor-liquid phase transitions. A heat transfer model at the vapor-liquid interface is developed based on dimensionless parameter normalization and validated against experimental data under identical operating conditions. The results demonstrate that during the establishment of dynamic equilibrium between evaporation and exhaust in the flash chamber

the initial chamber pressure exhibits a V-shaped variation pattern

comprising three distinct stages: rapid pressure drop

pressure recovery

and quasi-steady state; the proposed model achieves over 94% agreement with experimental measurements; increasing the initial liquid temperature enhances superheat degree and flash intensity: each 10 ℃ temperature rise leads to approximately 15% increase in maximum superheat and 20% to 30% improvement in flash rate; as the valve opening increases from 25% to 70%

the flow area for flash vapor expands

causing the average pressure drop rate to rise from 54.73 kPa/s to 122.47 kPa/s. This results in increased temperature gradients within the liquid

elevated local superheat

and a nonlinear enhancement of flash rate from 0.38 kg/s to 0.56 kg/s. This research provides valuable references for the design and operational optimization of two-phase expanders in triangular flash cycle systems.

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references

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