A Portable Magnetometer for AC/DC Magnetic Field Detection Utilizing Piezoelectric Transformer Structure

ZHOU Ke; ZHANG Wei; PAN Shaoming; CHEN Liangyuan; ZHU Yin; DU Yongjun; HUANG Heng; ZHANG Qi; ZHANG Cuiling; WU Jingen

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202506021

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A Portable Magnetometer for AC/DC Magnetic Field Detection Utilizing Piezoelectric Transformer Structure

更新时间：2025-08-26

- A Portable Magnetometer for AC/DC Magnetic Field Detection Utilizing Piezoelectric Transformer Structure
- Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 6, Pages: 209-216(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院， 530023，南宁
  2.广西电力装备智能控制与运维重点实验室， 530023，南宁
  3.广西电网设备监测及诊断技术创新中心， 530023，南宁
  4.西安交通大学精密微纳制造技术全国重点实验室， 710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202506021
  CLC： TN911
- Received：07 January 2025，
  
  Online First：26 February 2025，
  
  Published：10 June 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
ZHOU Ke, ZHANG Wei, PAN Shaoming, et al. A Portable Magnetometer for AC/DC Magnetic Field Detection Utilizing Piezoelectric Transformer Structure[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(6): 209-216.
DOI：

ZHOU Ke, ZHANG Wei, PAN Shaoming, et al. A Portable Magnetometer for AC/DC Magnetic Field Detection Utilizing Piezoelectric Transformer Structure[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(6): 209-216. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202506021.

摘要

为解决磁-机-电耦合效应传感器面临的热积累问题，以及其对低功耗应用和器件耐用性的挑战，提出了一种基于磁电耦合压电变压器结构的磁强计。该磁强计结合压电材料和磁致伸缩材料，采用双模式检测机制：在无源模式下，利用磁-机-电耦合效应直接检测交流磁场；在有源模式下，基于Delta-E效应实现电压驱动的直流磁场检测。通过实验测试和等效电路模拟，研究了长度纵振共振峰的偏移特性，以及弹性柔度系数与机械品质因子的磁场响应关系。通过设计一个低噪声电荷放大电路，将磁电传感器产生的高阻抗电荷信号高效转换为低阻抗电压信号，在此基础上，成功研制了一款集成STM32单片机与驱动电路的便携式交/直流磁强计样机。实验结果表明，该磁强计在频率为100、300 Hz时，交流磁场检测限分别为3.18、0.88 A/m，直流磁场检测限为3.58 A/m，性能显著优于基于霍尔原理的商用高斯计，其检测限约为55.7 A/m。该磁强计显著提高了磁场检测的灵敏度和分辨率，尤其在弱磁检测领域提供了参考。

Abstract

To address the heat accumulation issue in magneto-mechano-electric coupling effect sensors and the corresponding challenges in low-power applications and device durability

this paper proposes a magnetometer which is based on a magnetoelectric coupling piezoelectric transformer structure. The sensor integrates piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials and utilizes a dual-mode detection mechanism. In passive mode

the MME coupling effect directly detects AC magnetic fields

while in active mode

DC magnetic field detection is achieved via a voltage-driven Delta-E effect. Experimental tests and equivalent circuit simulations were conducted to investigate the resonant peak shift characteristics of the longitudinal vibration mode and the magnetic field response relationship between the elastic compliance coefficient and the mechanical quality factor. A low-noise charge amplifier circuit was designed to efficiently convert the high-impedance charge signal generated by the magnetoelectric sensor into a low-impedance voltage signal. Based on these findings

a portable AC/DC magnetometer prototype was developed

integrating an STM32 microcontroller and the driving circuit. Experimental results showed that the detection limits for AC magnetic fields at 100 Hz and 300 Hz were 3.18 A/m and 0.88 A/m

respectively

while the DC magnetic field detection limit was 3.58 A/m. The performance of this magnetometer has significantly outperformed commercial Gauss meters based on the Hall effect (with a detection limit of approximately 55.7 A/m). Therefore

this magnetometer has substantially improved magnetic field detection sensitivity and resolution

particularly for weak magnetic field detection applications.

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Keywords

references

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