Experimental Study on the Impact of Operating Parameters on the Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks

CAI Saijie; ZHU Haoning; ZHANG Zhuo; CHEN Junhong; TAO Wenquan

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202505001

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Experimental Study on the Impact of Operating Parameters on the Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks

Special Topic　Energy Storage Technology | 更新时间：2025-08-26

- Experimental Study on the Impact of Operating Parameters on the Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks
- Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 5, Pages: 1-11(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院， 710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202505001
  CLC： TK91
- Received：29 October 2024，
  
  Online First：22 January 2025，
  
  Published：10 May 2025
- 稿件说明：
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CAI Saijie, ZHU Haoning, ZHANG Zhuo, et al. Experimental Study on the Impact of Operating Parameters on the Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(5): 1-11.
DOI：

CAI Saijie, ZHU Haoning, ZHANG Zhuo, et al. Experimental Study on the Impact of Operating Parameters on the Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(5): 1-11. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202505001.

摘要

针对质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）在多变工况下的耐久性较差的问题，研究了氢燃料电池电堆老化过程中的气体分配、电压恢复和电压衰减速率规律、单片电池膜电极参数之间的差异和电池老化之间的关系。基于新欧洲驾驶循环标准工况制定了耐久性测试流程，在自行设计的8片PEMFC电堆上进行了80 h加速老化测试。实验结果显示，电堆基准电压的平均衰减速率为1.4 mV/h，考虑重启造成的水热状态恢复引起的电压上升，电堆的平均衰减速率降低为0.55 mV/h。各膜电极老化前后的电化学反应面积变化在7%~12%，但其他膜电极指标存在显著差异，表明水热状态存在较大差异。从空气分配特性看，单电池空气侧的流量分布及电压衰减速率呈双峰分布，且随着流量增大，峰值差异加大，流量高点对应的电压衰减速率达到最高，表明老化速率与空气侧流量正相关。靠近端板的电池老化程度明显高于平均水平，但电压衰减速率并非最大，表明其主要经历了可逆老化，较高的电压恢复速率也验证了这一点，中间电池的老化速率都在0.6 mV/h左右。

Abstract

To address the issue of limited durability of limited durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) under variable operating conditions

the gas distribution

voltage recovery

and voltage decay rate patterns during the aging process of hydrogen fuel cell stacks

as well as the relationship between variations in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) parameters among individual cells and cell aging was investigated. A durability testing procedure based on the new European driving cycle standard working conditions was established and an accelerated aging test for 80 hours was conducted on a self-designed 8-cell PEMFC stack. The results show that the average baseline voltage decay rate of the stack is 1.4 mV/h

decreasing to 0.55 mV/h considering the voltage increase caused by the recovery of water-thermal state due to restart. The change in the electrochemical reaction area of various membrane electrode assemblies before and after aging ranged between 7% and 12%

but significant differences were observed in other MEA indicators

indicating large variations in the water-thermal state. In terms of air distribution characteristics

the air flow rate distribution and voltage decay rate on the air side of individual cells exhibited a bimodal pattern. As the flow rate increases

the difference in peak values becomes more pronounced. The highest voltage decay rates corresponded to the highest flow rates

suggesting a positive correlation between aging rate and air flow. The cells near the end plates showed higher aging levels than the average

but their voltage decay rates were not the highest

indicating primarily reversible aging

which was further confirmed by higher voltage recovery rates. The aging rates of the middle cells were around 0.6 mV/h.

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references

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