Simulation of Breakup Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen Droplets in Cryogenic Wind Tunnel

MIAO Qingshuo; WEI Zhen; CHEN Jiajun; ZHANG Haiyang; ZHONG Fuhao; ZHENG Mian; LIU Xiufang

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202402009

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Simulation of Breakup Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen Droplets in Cryogenic Wind Tunnel

更新时间：2025-05-13

- Simulation of Breakup Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen Droplets in Cryogenic Wind Tunnel
- Vol. 58, Issue 2, Pages: 91-99(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安,710049
  2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计及测试技术研究所,四川,绵阳,621000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202402009
  CLC： TK121
- Online First：10 February 2024，
  
  Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
MIAO Qingshuo, WEI Zhen, CHEN Jiajun, et al. Simulation of Breakup Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen Droplets in Cryogenic Wind Tunnel[J]. 2024, 58(2): 91-99.
DOI：

MIAO Qingshuo, WEI Zhen, CHEN Jiajun, et al. Simulation of Breakup Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen Droplets in Cryogenic Wind Tunnel[J]. 2024, 58(2): 91-99. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202402009.

摘要

为探究低温风洞中液氮液滴的破碎特性并阐明其破碎机理

基于耦合水平集流体体积函数(CLSVOF)方法

采用自适应局部网格加密技术

构建了二维液氮液滴破碎模型

对比了液氮液滴与常温液滴的形态演变规律

计算分析了韦伯数(We)对液氮液滴形态、变形系数及时间特性的影响规律。模拟结果表明:液氮液滴的We高于常温液滴

且更容易发生变形和破碎; 随着We的增大

液氮液滴依次发生袋状破碎、多模式破碎和剪切破碎; 液滴迎风面和背风面的压差均随时间呈现先增大后减小的规律

发生转变的原因是袋状结构形成或边缘液滴颗粒脱落; 不同液氮液滴破碎模式下

变形系数的变化规律差异明显; 液氮液滴无量纲初始破碎时间随We的增大而减小

在0<We<100时

临界变形系数维持在2.6附近。研究结果可为低温风洞中液氮喷雾冷却系统的优化提供理论依据。

Abstract

To explore the breakup characteristics of liquid nitrogen droplets in a cryogenic wind tunnel and determine the underlying mechanism

a two-dimensional liquid nitrogen droplet breakup model is established adopting the coupled level-set and volume of fluid(CLSVOF)method and adaptive local mesh refinement technology. The morphological evolution patterns of liquid nitrogen droplets and normal temperature droplets are compared

and the effects of We on the morphology

deformation coefficient and temporal features of liquid nitrogen droplets are analyzed. The results show that compared with normal temperature droplets

liquid nitrogen droplets have a higher We

which makes them more prone to deformation and fragmentation. As the We increases

the droplets sequentially undergo bag breakup

multimode breakup and shear breakup. For the three different breakup modes

the pressure difference between windward and leeward sides of the liquid nitrogen droplet increases first and then decreases with time. This is attributed to the formation of bag structures or the separation of droplets from the edge. Under different breakup modes of liquid nitrogen droplets

the pattern of deformation coefficient is distinctly different. The dimensionless initial breakup time of the droplet decreases with the increase of We. In the range of 0<We<100

the critical deformation coefficient is maintained around 2.6. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of liquid nitrogen spray cooling system in cryogenic wind tunnel.

关键词

Keywords

references

KILGORE R A. Evolution and development of cryogenic wind tunnels [C]//43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, VA, USA: AIAA, 2005: AIAA 2005-457.

张伟, 高荣, 张双喜, 等. 0.3 m低温风洞液氮供给系统研制 [J]. 航空动力学报, 2020, 35(5): 1009-1017.

ZHANG Wei, GAO Rong, ZHANG Shuangxi, et al. Development of liquid nitrogen supplying system of 0.3 m cryogenic wind tunnel [J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2020, 35(5): 1009-1017.

阮一逍, 薛绒, 赖欢, 等. 单液氮液滴在气流中的蒸发运动特性研究 [J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2017, 51(6): 147-152.

RUAN Yixiao, XUE Rong, LAI Huan, et al. Evaporation and movement characteristics of single liquid nitrogen droplet in high-speed gas flow [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2017, 51(6): 147-152.

强伟, 侯予, 薛绒, 等. 氮液滴碰撞不同浸润性壁面特性研究 [J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021, 55(7): 151-157.

QIANG Wei, HOU Yu, XUE Rong, et al. Research on the behaviors of nitrogen droplets impacting surfaces with different wettabilities [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2021, 55(7): 151-157.

ZHOU Dongdong, LIU Xiufang, YANG Song, et al. Collision dynamics of two liquid nitrogen droplets under a low-temperature condition [J]. Cryogenics, 2022, 124: 103478.

蔡斌, 李磊, 王照林. 液滴在气流中破碎的数值分析 [J]. 工程热物理学报, 2003, 24(4): 613-616.

CAI Bin, LI Lei, WANG Zhaolin. Numerical analysis of liquid drop breakup in airflow [J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2003, 24(4): 613-616.

楼建锋, 洪滔, 朱建士. 液滴在气体介质中剪切破碎的数值模拟研究 [J]. 计算力学学报, 2011, 28(2): 210-213.

LOU Jianfeng, HONG Tao, ZHU Jianshi. Numerical study on shearing breakup of liquid droplet in gas medium [J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics, 2011, 28(2): 210-213.

HSIANG L P, FAETH G M. Near-limit drop deformation and secondary breakup [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1992, 18(5): 635-652.

KRZECZKOWSKI S A. Measurement of liquid droplet disintegration mechanisms [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1980, 6(3): 227-239.

PILCH M, ERDMAN C A. Use of breakup time data and velocity history data to predict the maximum size of stable fragments for acceleration-induced breakup of a liquid drop [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1987, 13(6): 741-757.

GELFAND B E. Droplet breakup phenomena in flows with velocity lag [J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 1996, 22(3): 201-265.

DAI Z, FAETH G M. Temporal properties of secondary drop breakup in the multimode breakup regime [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2001, 27(2): 217-236.

PARK S W, KIM S, LEE C S. Effect of mixing ratio of biodiesel on breakup mechanisms of monodispersed droplets [J]. Energy Fuels, 2006, 20(4): 1709-1715.

ZHAO Hui, LIU Haifeng, LI Weifeng, et al. Morphological classification of low viscosity drop bag breakup in a continuous air jet stream [J]. Physics of Fluids, 2010, 22(11):114103.

GUILDENBECHER D R, SOJKA P E. Experimental investigation of aerodynamic fragmentation of liquid drops modified by electrostatic surface charge [J]. Atomization and Sprays, 2011, 21(2): 139-147.

JAIN M, PRAKASH R S, TOMAR G, et al. Secondary breakup of a drop at moderate Weber numbers [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society: A Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2015, 471(2177): 20140930.

SONG He, CHANG Shinan, YU Weidong, et al. Experimental statistics of micrometer-sized water droplet deformation and breakup behavior in continuous air jet flow [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2021, 135: 103529.

施红辉, 师顺, 刘晨, 等. 超声速条件下亚毫米液滴的变形破碎模态 [J]. 航空动力学报, 2020, 35(10): 2017-2027.

SHI Honghui, SHI Shun, LIU Chen, et al. Deformation and fracture patterns of sub-millimeter droplets under supersonic conditions [J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2020, 35(10): 2017-2027.

张文英, 常士楠, 蒋斌, 等. 基于VOF方法的大水滴袋状破碎的仿真研究 [J]. 空气动力学学报, 2018, 36(4): 605-612.

ZHANG Wenying, CHANG Shinan, JIANG Bin, et al. Numerical simulation of large droplets in bag breakup regime based on VOF method [J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2018, 36(4): 605-612.

ZHU Wanli, ZHAO Ningbo, JIA Xiongbin, et al. Effects of airflow velocity and droplet diameter on the secondary breakup characteristics [J]. AIAA Journal, 2021, 59(8): 3252-3260.

金仁瀚, 刘勇, 朱冬清, 等. 初始直径对单液滴破碎特性影响的试验 [J]. 航空动力学报, 2015, 30(10): 2401-2409.

JIN Renhan, LIU Yong, ZHU Dongqing, et al. Experiment on impact of initial diameter on breakup characteristic of single droplet [J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2015, 30(10): 2401-2409.

LIU Jing, XU Xu. Direct numerical simulation of secondary breakup of liquid drops [J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2010, 23(2): 153-161.

SHAO Changxiao, LUO Kun, FAN Jianren. Detailed numerical simulation of unsteady drag coefficient of deformable droplet [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017, 308: 619-631.

XIAO F, WANG Z G, SUN M B, et al. Simulation of drop deformation and breakup in supersonic flow [J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2017, 36(2): 2417-2424.

YANG Wei, JIA Ming, SUN Kai, et al. Influence of density ratio on the secondary atomization of liquid droplets under highly unstable conditions [J]. Fuel, 2016, 174: 25-35.

FLOCK A K, GUILDENBECHER D R, CHEN J, et al. Experimental statistics of droplet trajectory and air flow during aerodynamic fragmentation of liquid drops [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2012, 47: 37-49.

BOGGAVARAPU P, RAMESH S P, AVULAPATI M M, et al. Secondary breakup of water and surrogate fuels: breakup modes and resultant droplet sizes [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2021, 145: 103816.

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Cold Energy Recycle from Cryogenic Wind Tunnel Exhaust System

Study on the Low-Temperature Air Loop Simulation System Based on Liquid Nitrogen Spray Technology

Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation Mechanism of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Leakage Flow in a Scallop Bionic Seal Cavity

Research on the Electrohydrodynamic Effects of Ionic Liquid-Modified Fuels

Numerical Simulation of the Energy Conversion Process in Thermoacoustic Engines with Different Stack Materials

Related Author

赖欢 1

陈振华 2

高荣 2

陈万华 2

刘秀芳 1

侯予 1

张蓓乐 1

Related Institution

School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University

⁰