Experimental Measurement and Numerical Investigation on the Leakage Flow Characteristics of Labyrinth Honeycomb Seal

XIANG Xin; YAN Xin; LI Zhigang; LI Jun

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202211008

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Experimental Measurement and Numerical Investigation on the Leakage Flow Characteristics of Labyrinth Honeycomb Seal

更新时间：2025-07-09

- Experimental Measurement and Numerical Investigation on the Leakage Flow Characteristics of Labyrinth Honeycomb Seal
- Vol. 56, Issue 11, Pages: 72-82(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学叶轮机械研究所,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202211008
  CLC： TK474.7
- Online First：10 November 2022，
  
  Published：2022
- 稿件说明：
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XIANG Xin, YAN Xin, LI Zhigang, et al. Experimental Measurement and Numerical Investigation on the Leakage Flow Characteristics of Labyrinth Honeycomb Seal[J]. 2022, 56(11): 72-82.
DOI：

XIANG Xin, YAN Xin, LI Zhigang, et al. Experimental Measurement and Numerical Investigation on the Leakage Flow Characteristics of Labyrinth Honeycomb Seal[J]. 2022, 56(11): 72-82. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202211008.

摘要

为研究蜂窝孔径、径向间隙和运行工况对迷宫蜂窝密封泄漏特性的影响

采用静止密封泄漏特性实验测量平台

测量了7种压比和5种径向间隙下迷宫蜂窝密封的泄漏量。基于数值求解三维Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes方程和标准k-ε湍流模型的方法

研究了迷宫蜂窝密封的泄漏特性。分析了压比(1.05～1.6)、密封间隙(0.4～1.2 mm)、转速(0～8 000 r/min)和蜂窝孔径(0.8、1.6、3.2 mm)对迷宫蜂窝密封泄漏特性的影响

并与光滑面迷宫密封进行了对比。研究表明:迷宫蜂窝密封的泄漏量随着压比的增加而近似线性增大; 密封流量系数随径向间隙增大而有所降低

降低最大值为10%。在转速低于3 000 r/min时

转速对迷宫蜂窝密封的泄漏量影响很小; 当转速高于3 000 r/min时

蜂窝结构能够抑制流体的周向运动使迷宫蜂窝密封在高转速时具有更优的密封性能

流量系数明显下降

转速升高到8 000 r/min时密封流量系数最多降低到0转速时的51%。迷宫蜂窝密封流量系数随蜂窝孔径增大先减小后升高

在孔径为0.6 mm与齿宽相等时流量系数最低

此时流量系数比光滑面迷宫密封低3.0%～5.5%; 孔径小于1.6 mm时

迷宫蜂窝密封的泄漏特性优于光滑面迷宫密封。本文工作可为迷宫蜂窝密封的性能分析和设计提供参考。

Abstract

This paper studies the effects of honeycomb cell diameter

radial clearance and operating conditions on the leakage flow characteristics of labyrinth honeycomb seal. The leakage flow rate of the labyrinth honeycomb seal is measured at seven different pressure ratios and five different radial gaps using the stationary experimental test rig. Furthermore

the leakage flow characteristics of the experimental labyrinth honeycomb seal are numerically investigated using three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)and standard k-ε turbulence model. The effects of the pressure ratios(1.05-1.6)

radial clearances(0.4-1.2 mm)

rotational speeds(0-8 000 r/min)and honeycomb cell diameters(0-3.2 mm)on leakage flow characteristics of the labyrinth honeycomb seal are analyzed and compared with those of the smooth labyrinth seal. According to the results

the leakage flow rate of labyrinth honeycomb seal increases almost linearly with the increase of pressure ratios; the leakage flow coefficient of labyrinth honeycomb seal decreases slightly with the increase of the radial clearance by up to 10%. The rotational speed has little effect on the leakage flow rate when it is lower than 3 000 r/min. When the rotational speed is higher than 3 000 r/min

the leakage flow coefficient of labyrinth honeycomb seal decreases significantly as the honeycomb cell structure can suppress the circumferential flow and thus improve the sealing performance of the labyrinth honeycomb seal. The leakage flow coefficient of labyrinth honeycomb seal at 8 000 r/min is reduced up to 51% compared with that when the rotational speed is 0. The leakage flow coefficient of the labyrinth honeycomb seal first decreases and then increases with the increase of honeycomb cell diameter. The smallest leakage flow coefficient of the labyrinth honeycomb seal is obtained when the honeycomb cell diameter is 0.6 mm

same as the tooth width. In addition

the leakage flow coefficient of the labyrinth honeycomb seal is 3.0%-5.5% lower than that of the smooth labyrinth seal. When the honeycomb cell diameter is less than 1.6 mm

the sealing performance of the labyrinth honeycomb seal is better than that of the smooth labyrinth seal. The research results in this paper can provide reference for the performance analysis and structure design of the labyrinth honeycomb seal.

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