Design and Performance Testing of a Low Power Small Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump

WANG Ge; TIAN Gui; CHENG Cheng; HUANG Yonghua

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202206020

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Design and Performance Testing of a Low Power Small Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump

更新时间：2025-04-27

- Design and Performance Testing of a Low Power Small Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump
- Vol. 56, Issue 6, Pages: 175-183(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所,上海,200240
  2. 上海空间推进研究所,上海,201112
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202206020
  CLC： TB655;TH311
- Online First：10 June 2022，
  
  Published：2022
- 稿件说明：
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WANG Ge, TIAN Gui, CHENG Cheng, et al. Design and Performance Testing of a Low Power Small Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump[J]. 2022, 56(6): 175-183.
DOI：

WANG Ge, TIAN Gui, CHENG Cheng, et al. Design and Performance Testing of a Low Power Small Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump[J]. 2022, 56(6): 175-183. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202206020.

摘要

为满足航天和生物医疗等应用中对低功耗小型低温液体循环泵的需求

采用数值模拟和3D打印叶轮迭代优化方法设计了叶轮和诱导轮结构

研制了一款10 L/min流量、百瓦以下功率的小体积低温离心泵。搭建了一套小型低温泵闭式回路性能测试系统

完成了以液氮为介质的低温工况泵性能测试。获得了转速在4 500～8 000 r/min范围内的低温泵外特性曲线

研究了泵前流体压力(表压140～800 kPa)对低温泵扬程的影响规律。研究结果表明:该小型低温离心泵在小流量小扬程下运行稳定; 随着流量的增加

功率先近似线性增长

而后增长速率逐渐减小; 当转速增加时

功率线性增长区域的斜率变大且效率曲线开始出现峰值; 转速越大

则最佳效率工况点越向大流量区域偏移

在额定转速6 500 r/min时

最佳效率工况点为流量10 L/min

扬程为7.12 m; 入口压力高于200 kPa时

低温泵扬程对压力变化不敏感。本文研究应可为小流量低温流体驱动应用的解决方案提供参考。

Abstract

To meet the demand of low power small cryogenic pump for fluid circulation in aerospace and biomedical applications

a small volume cryogenic centrifugal pump with a flow rate of 10 L/min and a power of less than one hundred watts was developed

of which the impeller and inducer structures were designed by numerical simulation and 3D printing impeller iterative optimization method. A set of closed-loop performance testing system for small cryogenic pumps was built

and the performance tests of the cryogenic pump using liquid nitrogen as the medium were completed. The external characteristic curves of the cryopump with a rotation speed of 4 500-8 000 r/min was obtained

and the influence of the fluid pressure(gauge pressure 140-800 kPa)in front of the pump on the head of the cryopump was studied. The study results showed that the small cryogenic centrifugal pump ran stably under a small flow and a small head. As the flow rate increased

the power first increased approximately linearly

and then the rate of increase gradually decreased. When the speed increased

the slope of the power linear growth area became larger and the efficiency curve began to peak. The higher the speed

the more the best efficiency operating point shifted to the large flow area. At the rated speed of 6 500 r/min

the best efficiency operating point was 10 L/min with a flow rate of 10 L/min and a head of 7.12 m. When the inlet pressure was higher than 200 kPa

the head of the cryopump was not sensitive to pressure changes. This paper can provide a reference for solutions to low flow cryogenic fluid drive applications.

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