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西安交通大学能源动力与工程学院,西安,710049
Online First:10 February 2022,
Published:2022
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FENG Jiangtao, WANG Zhenyu, YAN Xuanye, et al. A Review on Factors Influencing Heavy Metal Ion Removal by Adsorption from Water[J]. 2022, 56(2): 1-16.
FENG Jiangtao, WANG Zhenyu, YAN Xuanye, et al. A Review on Factors Influencing Heavy Metal Ion Removal by Adsorption from Water[J]. 2022, 56(2): 1-16. DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb202202001.
为了深入研究吸附法去除重金属离子过程中的影响因素
文中系统地阐述了温度、pH值、吸附剂用量、共存离子、共存有机物等因素对吸附过程的影响
这些影响与吸附剂、目标金属离子的性质
以及吸附过程所涉及的吸附机制有关。阐明水体中重金属离子吸附过程中的影响规律以及产生这种影响的机理
不仅有助于吸附机理的确定
还能以此评价吸附剂的实际应用性能。吸附剂的选择是探讨其他影响因素的前提
其物理性质影响到暴露的活性吸附位点数量和吸附质的传质扩散过程
化学性质不仅影响吸附剂的吸附容量和吸附平衡时间
还决定了吸附剂的吸附选择性能; 溶液温度的影响与吸附的热力学性质有关; 溶液pH值会改变吸附剂活性位点的化学状态和重金属离子在水中的赋存形态; 不同的溶液初始浓度提供了不同的驱动力; 更多的吸附剂提供更多的吸附位点
但吸附剂过多可能发生团聚现象
反而影响吸附效果; 共存离子对吸附过程的影响与背景离子的种类和浓度相关。文中总结了各种因素对水体中重金属离子吸附过程影响的规律以及产生这种影响的机理
以期为水体中重金属离子污染的吸附去除和水体净化提供一定的理论依据。
To deeply reveal the influencing factors in the process of removing heavy metal ions by adsorption
the effects of temperature
pH value
adsorbent dosage
coexisting ions and coexisting organic compounds on adsorption process are systematically described. These effects are related to the properties of adsorbent and target metal ions and the adsorption mechanism involved in the adsorption process. Clarifying the law of the influence in the process of removing heavy metal ions by adsorption from water and the mechanism of this influence benefits determining the adsorption mechanism
and evaluating the practical application performance of the adsorbent. The selection of adsorbent is the premise to explore the other influencing factors. The physical properties affect the number of exposed active adsorption sites and the mass transfer and diffusion process of adsorbate; the chemical properties not only affect the adsorption capacity and adsorption equilibrium time
but also determine the adsorption selectivity of adsorbent; the effect of temperature is related to the thermodynamic properties of adsorption; the pH value facilitates changing the chemical state of the active site of the adsorbent and the occurrence form of heavy metal ions in water; different initial metal ion concentrations in solution provide different driving forces; more adsorbents provide more adsorption sites
but too much adsorbent may lead to an agglomeration to affect the adsorption effect; the influence of coexisting ions in the adsorption process is related to the type and concentration of background ions. The effects of various factors on the adsorption process of heavy metal ions in water and the mechanism of these effects are summarized so as to provide a theoretical basis for the removal of heavy metal ions by adsorption from water and water purification.
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