To address the deficiencies of standard filters and low robustness in cooperative locali-ation system
a novel factor graph algorithm is proposed
which can be applied to indoor multiple users by fusing topology measurement provided by cameras with inertial navigation system. A topology measuring cooperative locali-ation method is further presented utili-ing the objects detection algorithm from the images. To derive a flexible optimi-ation model of the navigation solution with incorporating asynchronous sensors capabilities
the topology measuring factors and inertial navigation system factors are created in solving nonlinear optimi-ation problems. To further enhance the robustness
an improved switch constraint algorithm is developed by introducing weights decision approach considering both residuals and detection scores
and it better suits to the topology measurements. Simulations and experiments show that the rising accuracy of topology measurements improves position and velocity e
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