A design method based on water pinch analysis is presented to design water-using networks with single internal water main quickly and effectively. The water pinch analysis obtains the concentration of initial internal water main and provides water allocation rules flowing in and out internal water main based on directing water-using units to use fresh water or reused water. The internal water main is formed according to water pinch concentration values
then the water-using units are grouped and arranged at different positions in the water-using network. The final structure of the water network is determined through optimizing the water volume of the internal water main. The water pinch analysis provides an initial structure of a water-using network and reduces the scale and difficulty of mathematical optimization. The presented method is simpler and easier for use. The results obtained from two examples and the comparisons with simple water pinch analysis method and the water saving factor method show that the presented method saves fresh water consumption by 2.56% and 7.58%
respectively.
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references
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