the operation of the active distribution network(ADN)is optimized within itself and the relation between ADNs and the main grid are neglected. In this paper
a method is proposed to solve this problem and coordinate the real power operation of the main grid and ADNs. By Benders decomposition
the cooperative dispatch is reformed as a bi-level problem. On the upper level the centralized generation is scheduled and the main grid operation is optimized
while on the lower level the distributed energy resource(DER)is dispatched to minimize the ADN operation cost. The influence of ADNs on the main grid is considered and the cooperation between them are realized by the cooperative iterations of the levels. The case studies on the modified the IEEE-RTS have verified the following. Firstly
the ADN operation exerts a great effect on that of the main grid and it is necessary to consider the coordination between them. Secondly
the strategies may heighten the operation cost to constraint the fluctuation range of the feed power. Finally
the proposed method enables to feasibly improve the economics and security of the whole power system
and the operation cost of the modified IEEE-RTS is decreased from 638326.62$ to 626011.45$.
FAN Mingtian, ZHANG Zuping, SU Aoxue, et al. An investigation of enabling technologies for active distribution system[J]. Proceedings of CSEE, 2013, 33(22): 12-18.
YOU Yi, LIU Dong, YU Wenpeng, et al. Technology and its trends of active distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012, 36(18): 10-16.
YU Wenpeng, LIU Dong, YU Nanhua. Feeder control error and its application in coordinate control of active distribution network[J]. Proceedings of CSEE, 2013, 33(13): 108-115.
CURRIE R A, AULT G W, FOOTE C E, et al. Fundamental research challenges for active management of distribution networks with high levels of renewable generation[C]∥Proceeding of 39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2004: 1024-1028.
CURRIE R A, AULT G W, FOOTE C E, et al. Active power-flow management utilizing operating margins for the increased connection of distributed generation[J]. IET Generation, Transmission Distribution, 2007, 1(1): 197-202.
PILO F, PISANO G, SOMA G G. Advanced DMS to manage active distribution networks[C]∥Proceeding of 2009 Power Tech. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2009: 1-8.
PILO F, PISANO G, SOMA G G. Optimal coordination of energy resources with a two-stage online active management[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(10): 4526-4537.
PEIKHEREH M, SEIFI H, ESLAMI M K. Active management of distribution networks in presence of distributed generations[C]∥Proceedings of 2011 International Conference on Clean Electric Power. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011: 725-729.
ALBERTO B, MAURO B, SAMUELE G, et al. Short-term scheduling and control of active distribution systems with high penetration of renewable resources[J]. IEEE Systems Journal, 2010, 4(3): 313-322.
WU Jiang, GUAN Xiaohong. Coordinated multi-microgrids optimal control algorithm for smart distribution management system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2013, 4(4): 2174-2181.
WANG Jianhui, SHAHIDEHPOUR M, LI Zuyi. Security-constrained unit commitment with volatile wind power generation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2008, 23(3): 1319-1327.
WANG S, SHAHIDEHPOUR M, KIRISCHEN D, et al. Short-term generation scheduling with transmission and environmental constraints using an augmented Lagrangian relaxation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1995, 10(3): 1294-1301.
GEOFFRION A M. Generalized benders decomposition[J]. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 1972, 10(4): 237-260.
SUBCOMMITEE P M. IEEE reliability test system, power apparatus and systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1979, 98(6): 2047-2054.
TIAN Liting, SHI Shuanglong, JIA Zhuo, et al. Statistical model for charging power demand of electric vehicles[J]. Power System Technology, 2010, 34(11): 126-130.