The mechanism and characteristic of ultracapacitor are introduced. The ultracapacitor application status in electric vehicle(EV)at home and abroad is outlined. Analyzingthe topology and control strategy of ultracapacitor applied in EVs
a novel control system of ultracapacitor-battery hybrid power EV is designed
which comprises a bi-directional DC/DC converter and a three-phase full bridge inverter. The experimental results show that the hybrid power EV enables to combine the advantages of battery and ultracapacitor
enhance the start-up and accelerating performance of EV
improve the energy-regenerative efficiency
and increase the driving range. EVs employing ultracapacitor as the only power may be used as fixed-line buses
GAO Lijun, DOUGAL R A, LIU Shengyi. Power enhancement of an actively controlled battery/ultracapacitor hybrid [J]. IEEE Trans on Power Electronics, 2005, 20(1): 236-243.
PANDOLFO A G, HOLLENKAMP A F. Carbon properties and their role in supercapacitors [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 157(1): 11-27.
CHU Jun, CNEN Jie, LI Zhongxue. Experimental research on carbon based supercapacitors' character of great current charge and discharge [J]. Machine, 2004, 31(3): 20-22.
YOSHIDA A, IMOTO K, YODEDA H, et al. An electric double-layer capacitor with high capacitance and low resistance [J]. IEEE Trans on Components Hybrids and Manufacturing Technology, 1992, 15(1): 133-138.
CONWAY B E. Electrochemical supercapacitors: scientific fundamentals and technological applications [M]. New York: Plenum, 1999.
陈永真. 电容器及其应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2005.
ZOU Jiyan,ZHANG Li, SONG Jinyan. Development of the 40 V hybrid supercapacitor unit [J]. IEEE Trans on Magnetics, 2005, 41(1): 294-298.
BAISDEN A C, EMADI A. ADVISOR-based model of a battery and an ultracapacitor energy source for hybrid electric vehicles [J]. IEEE Trans on Vehicular Technology, 2004, 53(1): 199-205.
DIXON J W, ORTU'ZAR M E. Ultracapacitors+DC-DC converters in regenerative braking system [J]. IEEE AESS Systems Magazine, 2002, 17(8): 16-21.
马侨. 超级电容电车快速充电站系统研制 [J]. 城市公共交通, 2005(3): 19-21.
MA Qiao. The research on ultracapacitor electric vehicle and fast-charge system [J]. City Public Traffic, 2005(3): 19-21.
CUI Shumei, DUAN Fuyi. Current research and developing trends on ultracapacitor in application of electric vehicle [J]. Research and Development of Automotive, 2005(6): 31-36.
ZHANG Bingli, ZHAO Han, ZHANG Xiang, et al. The applications of ultracapacitor in hybrid electric vehicle [J]. Research and Development of Automotive, 2003(5): 48-50.
XIAO Xianfa, WANG Zuohan. The current situation of first ultracapacitor bus trial run is good [J]. Commercial Automotive Magazine, 2005(7): 106-107.
张靖. 超级电容蓄电池复合电源的研究与仿真[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学汽车工程学院, 2005.
DOUGAL R A, GAO Lijun, LIU Shengyi. Ultracapacitor model with automatic order selection and capacity scaling for dynamic system simulation [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2004, 126(2): 250-257.
KÖTZ R, CARLEN M. Principles and applications of electrochemical capacitors [J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2000, 45(15/16): 2483-2498.
LI Guiyuan, CHEN Yong. Design and simulation of hybrid-drive system with battery pack and capacitors [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2007, 19(1): 101-105.
NAN Jinrui, WANG Jianqun, SUN Fengchun. Study of energy management system of electric vehicle [J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2005, 25(5): 384-389.
CAO Binggang, ZHANG Chuanwei, BAI Zhifeng, et al. Technology progress and trends of electric vehicles [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2004, 38(1): 1-5.
MORENO J, ORTU'ZAR M E, DIXON J W. Energy-management system for a hybrid electric vehicle, using ultracapacitors and neural networks [J]. IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics, 2006, 53(2): 614-623.