Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO<sub>2</sub> Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization

YAO KeYing; ZHANG ChunLin; LI MengJie; LIU ZhanBin; DU Shen

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Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO₂ Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization

更新时间：2025-11-18

- Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO₂ Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization
- JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学未来技术学院,陕西省西安市710049
  2.中能建数字科技集团有限公司,北京市北京市100044
  3.西安交通大学国家储能技术产教融合创新平台(中心),陕西省西安市710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： TK124
- Received：21 September 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-13，
  
  Accepted：28 October 2025，
- 稿件说明：
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YAO KeYing, ZHANG ChunLin, LI MengJie, et al. Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO₂ Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2025.
DOI：

YAO KeYing, ZHANG ChunLin, LI MengJie, et al. Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO₂ Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2025. DOI：

摘要

为了兼顾液态存储压缩二氧化碳储能技术（L-CCES）的储能效率与储能密度，本研究采用“不补热少弃热”的系统优化设计思路提出并优化了一种新型L-CCES系统。首先，基于建立的L-CCES系统热力学模型，研究了典型L-CCES系统构型下储热工质流量分配比和储热工质-二氧化碳流量比对系统热性能的影响，分析了典型L-CCES系统的㶲损情况。在此基础上，针对典型系统中㶲损最大的储热与换热单元，以提升储热工质的换热均匀性为优化方向，并结合工程实际，通过增设中间冷却器与优化间冷温度等改进措施，进一步提升了储能效率。研究结果表明，典型L-CCES系统储能效率为64.65%，其储换热单元㶲损最高，占比达59.7%，说明系统储热量与储热品位相互匹配是提升系统储能效率的关键。相比之下，当间冷温度优化为46℃时，由于新型系统储热工质换热均匀性的提升，其储热与换热单元㶲损相比于典型系统下降了16.7%，总㶲损由218.69MWh下降到198.82MWh，储能效率提升至66.80%。本研究为L-CCES系统优化设计提供了理论指导。

Abstract

In order to balance the energy storage efficiency and energy density of the Liquid Storage Compressed CO

Energy Storage (L-CCES) technology

this study adopts the "no external heat input and minimal heat waste" system optimization strategy

proposing and optimizing a new type of L-CCES system. Firstly

based on the established thermodynamic model of the L-CCES system

the influence of the flow distribution ratio of heat fluid and the heat fluid to carbon dioxide flow ratio on the thermal performance of the typical L-CCES system was studied. The exergy loss distribution within the typical system was also analyzed. Building on this

an optimization strategy was implemented to address the dominant exergy loss occurring in the heat storage and exchange unit of the typical system. This strategy targeted the heat exchange uniformity of the heat fluid and

guided by practical engineering

introduced intercoolers with optimized temperature

leading to a significant improvement in energy storage efficiency. Results show that the energy storage efficiency of the typical L-CCES system is 64.65%. Its highest exergy loss occurs in the heat storage and exchange unit

accounting for 59.7% of the total. This highlights that optimizing the match between heat storage capacity and heat storage temperature is critical for improving system storage efficiency. In contrast

with the intercooling temperature optimized to 46 °C

the enhanced heat transfer uniformity in the new system reduced the exergy loss in the heat storage and exchange unit by 16.7 % compared to the typical system. Total system exergy loss decreased from 218.69 MWh to 19

8.82 MWh

increasing the energy storage efficiency to 66.80%. This study provides theoretical guidance for the optimal design of the L-CCES system.

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Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO2 Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization

DOI：

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

Performance Improvement of Liquid Storage Compressed CO₂ Energy Storage System Based on Heat Storage and Exchange Unit Optimization