Generalization construction of CO<sub>2</sub> and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics

CAO Zhijian; ZONG Shuo; ZHANG Yichen; GUAN Yan; WANG Zhiming; YIN Xiang; CAO Feng

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Generalization construction of CO₂ and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics

更新时间：2025-11-18

- Generalization construction of CO₂ and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics
- Moren Journal (2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西省西安市710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： U463.85
- Received：17 April 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-05-23，
  
  Accepted：16 June 2025，
- 稿件说明：
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CAO Zhijian, ZONG Shuo, ZHANG Yichen, et al. Generalization construction of CO₂ and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2025.
DOI：

CAO Zhijian, ZONG Shuo, ZHANG Yichen, et al. Generalization construction of CO₂ and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2025. DOI：

摘要

针对制冷剂替代及电动车冬季续航衰减问题，CO

及R290热泵空调逐渐成为最佳潜在方案之一，但其各自均具有典型劣势，因循环差异难以兼容，目前无法形成统一方案。为此，本文以通用化载冷剂回路构建通用化的CO

及R290间接热泵系统，可实现不同制冷剂通用。然而，跨临界CO

循环和亚临界R290循环的显著循环差异导致通用化系统性能衰减。本文建立了通用载冷剂系统的CO

、R290通用化热泵空调系统仿真模型并进行实验验证，研究了换热器配置和水路流量对热泵空调性能的影响规律和通用化系统衰减特性，提出了两种循环的通用设计和控制策略，评估了通用化系统对整车续航的影响特性。结果表明：通过调节水路流量能够有效解决通用化系统性能衰减问题；采用串联多个暖风芯体作为室内换热器的通用化方案并对水路流量加以调节，能够同时满足CO

间接系统及R290间接系统的换热需求，系统通用化性能衰减低于3%。提出的设计方案和控制方法为电动车下一代技术路线选择提供指导。

Abstract

In response to the challenges of refrigerant substitution and winter range attenuation in electric vehicles

CO₂ and R290 heat pump air conditioning systems have gradually emerged as one of the most promising potential solutions. However

each of them has typical disadvantages

and it is difficult to form a unified scheme because of the difference of cycles. Therefore

the generalized CO

and R290 indirect heat pump system is built with the generalized secondary loop in this paper

which can realize the generalization of different refrigerants. Nevertheless

the significant cycle differences between transcritical CO

cycles and subcritical R290 cycles lead to performance degradation in the generalized systems. Accordingly

a simulation model of the generalized CO

and R290 indirect heat pump air conditioning system with experimental validation was established to study the influence of heat exchanger configurations and flow rates in secondary loop on system performance and generalization attenuation characteristics. General designs and control strategies for two cycles were proposed. The influence on the driving range of the generali

zation system were evaluated. The results show that the performance attenuation problem of the generalized system can be effectively solved by adjusting the flow rate in secondary loop. By adopting a generalization scheme of connecting multiple heat cores in series as the indoor heat exchanger and adjusting the flow rate in secondary loop

the heat exchange requirements of both the CO

indirect system and the R290 indirect system can be met

with the generalization performance attenuation of the system less than 3%. The design scheme and control method proposed in this paper can provide guidance for the selection of the next-generation technical route of electric vehicles.

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西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室

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Generalization construction of CO2 and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics

DOI：

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

Generalization construction of CO₂ and R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles and their performance impact characteristics