冲击孔位置对涡轮叶片冲击/气膜复合冷却特性影响的实验研究

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冲击孔位置对涡轮叶片冲击/气膜复合冷却特性影响的实验研究

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 冲击孔位置对涡轮叶片冲击/气膜复合冷却特性影响的实验研究
- Issue 12, Pages: 59-71(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室
  2. 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： V231.1
- Published：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
[J]. 2023, (12): 59-71.
DOI：

[J]. 2023, (12): 59-71. DOI：

摘要

为研究冲击孔位置对空冷涡轮叶片冲击/气膜复合冷却特性的影响，选择4种具有不同冷却结构的涡轮叶片开展了综合换热实验。实验叶片由低导热系数的树脂材料制成，分别为仅有气膜冷却结构的叶片0、具有正向冲击孔的叶片1、具有偏置冲击孔的叶片2以及具有交错偏置冲击孔的叶片3。使用红外热像仪拍摄得到实验叶片表面温度分布。实验结果表明，涡轮叶片综合换热特性由内部冷却和外部冷却共同决定。在吹风比较大时，射流冲击强化了冷却剂和叶片内壁面之间的换热，导致具有冲击冷却结构的叶片1、2、3相对于叶片0综合冷却效率提升了3.1%～6.7%。其中，因为冲击孔偏置，叶片2和3的冲击强化换热区域相对独立于叶片表面气膜覆盖区域，所以叶片2和3的综合冷却效率分布更为均匀，且大于叶片1。叶片0仅有气膜冷却结构，紧邻气膜孔出流位置冷却剂动能较大，在气膜孔出口下游冷却剂再贴壁形成热防护，使得距离气膜孔较远的区域冷却效率升高。在吹风比较小时：仅有正向冲击的叶片1相对于叶片0的综合冷却效率有所提高；由于偏置冲击消耗了更多了冷却剂动能，叶片2和3的综合冷却效率相对于叶片0明显降低，当吹风比为0.2时，二者分别下降了6.7%和11.6%。

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