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针对五相永磁电机的单相(双相)开路故障
提出一种新的故障诊断策略。首先
分析了开路故障发生前、后逆变器端电压的输出特性
得到15种故障状态和正常状态下基波电流在α-β子空间的表达式。正常状态下基波电流在α-β子空间中的轨迹为圆形
而在故障状态为椭圆型
因此可以根据转子转过5个扇区时间内电流轨迹到α-β子空间原点距离的变化率来判定是否发生开路故障。其次
根据不同故障状态下逆变器端电压的输出特性
得到15种开路故障状态下三次谐波电流在基波旋转坐标系的轨迹分布特点。通过对比可知
在不同开路故障下
三次谐波电流轨迹分布的差异性很大
因此可以将轨迹分布特点作为故障定位的依据。在此基础上
分析了电机转速、负载转矩对三次谐波电流轨迹的影响。最后
采用以数字信号处理器为核心搭建的实验平台对所提出的故障诊断策略进行了验证。实验结果表明本文所述故障诊断策略在稳态和动态情况下均可以快速实现故障的判定与定位。
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