Experimental Study on Coupling Characteristics of Refrigerant Flow Pattern-Flow Resistance and Two-Phase Pressure Drop Prediction in Horizontal Tube

WANG Jianwei; LIU Yantao; ZHOU Chenjie; GAO Zheming; YAN Gang; CHU Wenxiao; WANG Qiuwang

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Experimental Study on Coupling Characteristics of Refrigerant Flow Pattern-Flow Resistance and Two-Phase Pressure Drop Prediction in Horizontal Tube

更新时间：2025-07-08

- Experimental Study on Coupling Characteristics of Refrigerant Flow Pattern-Flow Resistance and Two-Phase Pressure Drop Prediction in Horizontal Tube
- Moren Journal (2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西省西安市710049
  2.广东美的制冷设备有限公司,广东省佛山市528311
  3.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西省西安市710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： TK124
- Received：07 May 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-06-30，
  
  Accepted：07 July 2025，
- 稿件说明：
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WANG Jianwei, LIU Yantao, ZHOU Chenjie, et al. Experimental Study on Coupling Characteristics of Refrigerant Flow Pattern-Flow Resistance and Two-Phase Pressure Drop Prediction in Horizontal Tube[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2025.
DOI：

WANG Jianwei, LIU Yantao, ZHOU Chenjie, et al. Experimental Study on Coupling Characteristics of Refrigerant Flow Pattern-Flow Resistance and Two-Phase Pressure Drop Prediction in Horizontal Tube[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2025. DOI：

摘要

针对低干度两相制冷剂在水平管内的流型演变与流动机理尚不明确，从而制约着高效空调系统优化设计的问题，提出一种流型-阻力耦合的压降预测方法。首先，搭建两相可视化实验台，同步测量了质量流速为150~750 kg/(m

·s)、干度为0~0.2时，工质R134a与R32在内径为7 mm水平管内的流型与压降特性；其次，基于OpenCV提取空泡份额等图像特征，揭示了弹状流、波浪流和环状流的演化规律；最后，基于流型分区策略，建立了融合流型参数（

）与无量纲数（

Fr、We、Re

）的压降预测新模型。研究结果表明：R32在低流量、小干度时以弹状流为主，而R134a在高流量、大干度时更易形成环状流，其截面含气率较R32平均高13%；全液相摩擦系数在质量流速为360 kg/(m

·s)时达到峰值，此时最大气液相速度比亦达到最大，且R134a的摩擦压降梯度较R32高25%~50%；新模型将预测绝对偏差从现有模型的－30%~－70%降至12.31%，且89%的数据点位于±20%误差带内。研究成果可为新型环保制冷剂系统的高效、优化设计提供理论支撑。

Abstract

The evolution of flow patterns and flow mechanisms of low-dryness R32 and R134a refrigerants are not clear

which constrains the optimal design of high-efficiency air-conditioning systems. In this study

a visual experimental setup was established. The flow pattern distribution and pressure drop characteristics of R134a and R32 in a horizontal circular tube with 7 mm inner diameter were studied with flowrate and dryness ranging between 150~750 kg/(m

·s) and 0~0.2

respectively. The OpenCV image feature extraction method was used and the synchronous measurement method is established

while the evolution laws of three typical flow patterns

namely

slug flow

wave flow and annular flow

are obtained. Results show that R32 display a slug flow at low flowrate with small dryness. By increasing the dryness

the flow pattern gradually changes to wave flow with gas-liquid separation. On the other hand

R134a indicates an increased stability of the liquid film at high flowrate and high dryness

and the proportion of annular flow is incre

ased

reaching 13% which is higher than that of R32 on average. Meanwhile

the full liquid-phase friction coefficient reaches the peak at a flowrate of 360 kg/(m

·s)

illustrating the minimum mixing density and the maximum gas-liquid-phase velocity ratio. Note that the friction-pressure-drop gradient for R134a is 25%-50% higher than that for R32. Based on the flow pattern division strategy

the pressure drop prediction model incorporating flow pattern parameters (

) and dimensionless numbers (

，

) is proposed. The absolute deviation can be rapidly reduced from －30~－70% to 12.31% compared with existed models

while 89% of the data locating within ±20% error band. Results could provide good theoretical support to their figurant system design.

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