气冷微堆多变量模型预测协调控制方法

肖龙昊; 吴长浩; 孙培伟; 魏新宇

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202611017

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气冷微堆多变量模型预测协调控制方法

更新时间：2026-11-09

- 气冷微堆多变量模型预测协调控制方法
- Multivariable Model Predictive Coordinated Control Method for Gas-Cooled Micro-Reactors
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第11期页码：190-202
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学核科学与技术学院，710049，西安
  中国核电工程有限公司，100840，北京
- 作者简介：
  
  肖龙昊（1999—），男，博士生；
  孙培伟（通信作者），男，教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(12075181);中核集团领创科研基金资助项目(CNNC-LCKY-2024-021)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202611017
  中图分类号： TL361
- 收稿：2026-01-23，
  
  网络首发：2026-06-05，
  
  纸质出版：2026-11-10
- 稿件说明：
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肖龙昊, 吴长浩, 孙培伟, 等. 气冷微堆多变量模型预测协调控制方法[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报,2026,60 (11):190-202. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611017.

XIAO Longhao, WU Changhao, SUN Peiwei, et al. Multivariable Model Predictive Coordinated Control Method for Gas-Cooled Micro-Reactors[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (11):190-202. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611017.
肖龙昊, 吴长浩, 孙培伟, 等. 气冷微堆多变量模型预测协调控制方法[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报,2026,60 (11):190-202. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611017. DOI：

XIAO Longhao, WU Changhao, SUN Peiwei, et al. Multivariable Model Predictive Coordinated Control Method for Gas-Cooled Micro-Reactors[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (11):190-202. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611017. DOI：

摘要

针对气冷微堆系统多回路强耦合、非线性显著、运行约束严格等控制难题，提出一种基于模型预测控制（MPC）的多变量解耦与协调控制方法。首先，分析双向能量传递机理与一、二回路开环动态响应，引入相对增益矩阵量化系统耦合特性，并揭示系统非线性动态特征。然后，设计基于增益调度的MPC多变量解耦控制器，显式处理执行器约束，实现二回路内部的动态优化解耦。最后，提出基于MPC的多变量协调控制方案，将氦气温度作为可测扰动，并结合动态匹配补偿机制，实现电功率、空气温度与氦气温度的全局协同控制。仿真结果表明：相较于传统比例积分微分（PID）及前馈解耦PID方法，所提方案在多种负荷变化及扰动工况下，均能有效抑制关键变量超调量、减小动态偏差；在100%功率的阶跃降负荷工况下，完全消除电功率的超调量，并将空气温度和氦气温度最大偏差分别较传统PID控制减少了76.7%和55.2%，显著提升了气冷微堆的整体控制品质与运行稳定性。

Abstract

To address the control challenges of gas-cooled micro-reactor systems

including strong multi-loop coupling

significant nonlinearity

and stringent operational constraints

a multivariable decoupling and coordinated control method based on model predictive control (MPC) is proposed. First

the bidirectional energy transfer mechanism and the open-loop dynamic responses of the primary and secondary loops are analyzed

and the relative gain array (RGA) is introduced to quantify the system coupling characteristics.The nonlinear dynamic features of the system are revealed through open-loop tests at different power levels.Subsequently

a gain-scheduled MPC multivariable decoupling controller is designed to explicitly handle actuator constraints and achieve dynamic optimal decoupling within the secondary loop. Finally

an MPC-based multivariable coordinated control scheme is proposed

in which the helium temperature is treated as a measurable disturbance.By incorporating a dynamic matching compensation mechanism

this scheme realizes the global coordinated control of the electric power

air temperature

and helium temperature.Simulation results demonstrate that compared with conventional proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) and feedforward decoupling PID methods

the proposed multivariable decoupling and coordinated MPC scheme effectively suppresses the overshoot of key variables and reduces dynamic deviations under various load transients and disturbance conditions.During a step load reduction at the 100% power

the overshoot of electric power is completely eliminated

and the maximum deviations of the air temperature and helium temperature are reduced by 76.7% and 55.2%

respectively

compared with conventional PID control

thereby significantly enhancing the overall control quality and operational stability of the gas-cooled micro-reactor.

关键词

Keywords

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