离心压缩机的内蜗壳型线气动设计方法

高科; 党凌兮; 邓清华; 李军

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202611016

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离心压缩机的内蜗壳型线气动设计方法

更新时间：2026-11-09

- 离心压缩机的内蜗壳型线气动设计方法
- Aerodynamic Design Method for the Internal Volute Profiles in Centrifugal Compressors
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第11期页码：179-189
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  高科（2001—），男，硕士生；
  邓清华（通信作者），男，教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFB4102203);国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U20A20303)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202611016
  中图分类号： TK14
- 收稿：2026-04-19，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-31，
  
  纸质出版：2026-11-10
- 稿件说明：
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高科, 党凌兮, 邓清华, 等. 离心压缩机的内蜗壳型线气动设计方法[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报,2026,60 (11):179-189. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611016.

GAO Ke, DANG Lingxi, DENG Qinghua, et al. Aerodynamic Design Method for the Internal Volute Profiles in Centrifugal Compressors[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (11):179-189. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611016.
高科, 党凌兮, 邓清华, 等. 离心压缩机的内蜗壳型线气动设计方法[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报,2026,60 (11):179-189. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611016. DOI：

GAO Ke, DANG Lingxi, DENG Qinghua, et al. Aerodynamic Design Method for the Internal Volute Profiles in Centrifugal Compressors[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (11):179-189. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611016. DOI：

摘要

为缩小离心压缩机蜗壳的径向尺寸、探究内蜗壳中的流动特性并提高其气动性能，基于角动量守恒原理提出了一种内蜗壳气动设计方法，借助全三维数值模拟，采用涡量与熵产理论相结合的分析方法对比分析了角动量守恒法与平均速度法设计的蜗壳熵产率与涡量的大小分布。仿真结果表明，与平均速度法相比，在设计工况下角动量守恒法设计的蜗壳出口静压恢复系数提高了21.8%，总压损失系数降低了31.6%，速度均匀度增加了174%，该蜗壳流场整体较好，蜗舌处回流区域较小，保证了下游部件工作的稳定性；在蜗壳的轮盘侧与轮盖侧有两个流动损失较大的二次涡区域，蜗壳0°～90°的周向流域内有较高的熵产率；在角动量守恒法设计的蜗壳的基础上，通过截面型线优化，使气流流动通畅并抑制二次涡形成，蜗壳内熵产率与涡量均减小，二次涡强度降低，0°～90°周向流域内流动情况改善，流动损失降低；与角动量守恒法设计的蜗壳相比，在设计工况下优化后的蜗壳出口静压恢复系数增加了13.7%，总压损失系数降低了18.1%，速度均匀度基本不变，蜗壳的综合性能得到提升。该研究结果可以为蜗壳的气动设计方法和离心压缩机性能优化提供参考。

Abstract

To reduce the radial dimensions of centrifugal compressor volutes

investigate the flow characteristics within internal volutes

and improve their aerodynamic performance

this paper proposes an aerodynamic design method for internal volutes based on the principle of angular momentum conservation. Using full three-dimensional numerical simulations

a combined analytical approach employing vorticity and entropy generation theories is adopted to compare and analyze the entropy generation rate and vorticity magnitude distributions of volutes designed by the angular momentum conservation method and the average velocity method.The simulation results indicate that

compared with the average velocity method

under design conditions

the volute designed by the angular momentum conservation method achieves a 21.8% increase in the outlet static pressure recovery coefficient

a 31.6% reduction in the total pressure loss coefficient

and a 174% increase in velocity uniformity.This volute exhibits a well-organized overall flow field

with a small recirculation zone near the volute tongue

ensuring the operational stability of downstream components.Two secondary vortex regions with significant flow losses exist on the hub and shroud sides of the volute

and a relatively high entropy generation rate is observed within the 0°-90°circumferential flow region of the volute.Based on the volute designed by the angular momentum conservation method

cross-sectional profile optimization is conducted to streamline the flow and suppress the formation of secondary vortices.As a result

both the entropy generation rate and vorticity within the volute are reduced

the secondary vortex intensity is diminished

the flow conditions in the 0°-90°circumferential flow region are improved

and the flow losses are decreased.Compared with the volute designed by the angular momentum conservation method

under design conditions

the optimized volute achieves a 13.7% increase in the outlet static pressure recovery coefficient and an 18.1 % reduction in the total pressure loss coefficient

while the velocity uniformity remains essentially unchanged

thereby enhancing the overall performance of the volute.The research findings serve as a reference for the aerodynamic design methodology of volutes and the performance optimization of centrifugal compressors.

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references

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