不依赖全控型电力电子器件的振荡换流式直流断路器拓扑结构及开断特性

陈子薇; 吴益飞; 吴翊; 肖宇; 纽春萍; 荣命哲

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202611002

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不依赖全控型电力电子器件的振荡换流式直流断路器拓扑结构及开断特性

更新时间：2026-11-09

- 不依赖全控型电力电子器件的振荡换流式直流断路器拓扑结构及开断特性
- Topology and Interruption Characteristics of an Oscillatory-Commutation Direct Current Circuit Breaker Without Independent of Fully Controllable Power Electronic Devices
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第11期页码：14-22
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，710049，西安
  西安交通大学电气工程学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  陈子薇（1999—），男，博士生；
  吴益飞（通信作者），男，教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52377158;U2241260;52521003)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202611002
  中图分类号： TM561.2
- 收稿：2026-05-13，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-31，
  
  纸质出版：2026-11-10
- 稿件说明：
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陈子薇, 吴益飞, 吴翊, 等. 不依赖全控型电力电子器件的振荡换流式直流断路器拓扑结构及开断特性[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报,2026,60 (11):14-22. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611002.

CHEN Ziwei, WU Yifei, WU Yi, et al. Topology and Interruption Characteristics of an Oscillatory-Commutation Direct Current Circuit Breaker Without Independent of Fully Controllable Power Electronic Devices[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (11):14-22. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611002.
陈子薇, 吴益飞, 吴翊, 等. 不依赖全控型电力电子器件的振荡换流式直流断路器拓扑结构及开断特性[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报,2026,60 (11):14-22. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611002. DOI：

CHEN Ziwei, WU Yifei, WU Yi, et al. Topology and Interruption Characteristics of an Oscillatory-Commutation Direct Current Circuit Breaker Without Independent of Fully Controllable Power Electronic Devices[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (11):14-22. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202611002. DOI：

摘要

针对传统机械式直流断路器在小电流开断中易出现断口重燃、开断时间较长，以及现有振荡式拓扑对全控型电力电子器件依赖较强的问题，提出了一种由真空开关、转移支路、振荡源模块和耗能支路组成的振荡换流式直流断路器。建立忽略回路损耗条件下的激励电流解析模型，将振荡源在真空断口中产生的激励电流表示为两个不同特征频率正弦分量之差，并研究电容、电感参数对特征频率及人工过零能力的影响。实验结果表明：在激励电压和转移支路电感一定时，两正弦分量频率越接近，断路器开断能力越强；增大电容和电感参数可降低振荡频率，其中增大转移支路电感和振荡源模块电感还可有效减小两正弦分量的频率差。搭建试验回路，实现了17 kA故障电流的正反向开断，验证了所提拓扑结构产生人工过零点和实现双向开断的可行性。该方案采用晶闸管和二极管构成振荡源模块，减少了对全控型电力电子器件的依赖，可为机械式直流断路器的经济型设计提供新的技术方案。

Abstract

To address the issues of contact-gap reignition and prolonged interruption time-duration during low-current interruption in conventional mechanical direct current (DC) circuit breakers

as well as the strong dependence of existing oscillatory topologies on fully controllable power electronic devices

an oscillatory-commutation DC circuit breaker consisting of a main current branch

a commutation branch

an oscillation-source module

and an energy-dissipation branch is proposed.An analytical model of the excitation current is established under the assumption that circuit losses are negligible.The excitation current generated by the oscillation source in the vacuum interrupter is expressed as the difference between two sinusoidal components with distinct characteristic frequencies.Based on this representation

the effects of capacitance and inductance parameters on the characteristic frequencies and artificial current-zero capability are investigated.The results show that

under constant excitation voltage and commutation-branch inductance

a smaller frequency difference between the two sinusoidal components leads to stronger interruption capability.Increasing the capacitance and inductance parameters reduces the oscillation frequencies

while increasing the commutation-branch inductance and the oscillation-source-module inductance can further decrease the frequency difference between the two sinusoidal components.An experimental circuit was constructed

and the bidirectional interruption of a 17 kA fault current was successfully achieved

verifying the feasibility of the proposed topology for generating artificial current zeros and realizing bidirectional interruption.The proposed oscillation-source module employs only thyristors and diodes

thereby reducing the dependence on fully controllable power electronic devices and offering a new technical solution to the cost-effective design of mechanical DC circuit breakers.

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