交流水平电场中金属微粒群的运动行为与迁移机制研究

王超; 石浩天; 成林; 左坤; 谷永刚; 杨兰均

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交流水平电场中金属微粒群的运动行为与迁移机制研究

更新时间：2026-07-29

- 交流水平电场中金属微粒群的运动行为与迁移机制研究
- Study on Motion Behaviors and Migration Mechanisms of Metallic Particle Clusters in a Horizontal AC Electric Field
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学，710049，西安
  2.国网陕西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，710100，西安
  3.国网陕西省电力有限公司，710048，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-12-17，
  
  修回：2026-03-30，
  
  录用：2026-04-12，
- 稿件说明：
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王超, 石浩天, 成林, 等. 交流水平电场中金属微粒群的运动行为与迁移机制研究[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026.

WANG Chao, SHI Haotian, CHENG Lin, et al. Study on Motion Behaviors and Migration Mechanisms of Metallic Particle Clusters in a Horizontal AC Electric Field[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026.
王超, 石浩天, 成林, 等. 交流水平电场中金属微粒群的运动行为与迁移机制研究[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026. DOI：

WANG Chao, SHI Haotian, CHENG Lin, et al. Study on Motion Behaviors and Migration Mechanisms of Metallic Particle Clusters in a Horizontal AC Electric Field[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026. DOI：

摘要

为研究罐式断路器机构室水平绝缘结构在运行工况下的自由金属微粒运动与放电特性，搭建水平电场实验平台，在0.3 MPa洁净干燥空气中以0.8 mm球形金属微粒群为对象开展交流阶梯升压试验。采用CCD连续观测，并结合放电信号测量获取微粒运动轨迹、群体迁移过程及放电现象。结果表明：微粒个体运动以沿面滚动与跃动为主，高压阶段普遍出现启–停式短程运动与频繁变向；微粒群迁移可归纳为定向漂移、局部激活和电极发射碰撞激活三类，且主导机制随电压升高呈阶段性切换。升压过程中微粒运动活性呈现波动上升的趋势，扩散呈台阶性非线性增长，约18–28 kV出现低活跃窗口，约30 kV后电极发射显著增强并诱发更强的横向扩散，电压越高微粒达到平衡态所需时间越长；交流电压下水平绝缘板表面微粒群的迁移行为本质是水平方向低阻尼状态下，电场力与库仑力在不同电场水平下个体与群体耦合作用的结果。研究结果为机构室类水平绝缘结构中微粒缺陷的演化机理认识与风险评估提供实验依据。

Abstract

To investigate the motion and discharge characteristics of free metallic particles in the horizontal insulating structure of a tank-type circuit breaker operating under service conditions

a horizontal electric-field test platform was established. Stepwise AC voltage tests were conducted in 0.3 MPa clean dry air using a cluster of 0.8 mm spherical metallic particles. Particle trajectories

cluster migration processes

and discharge phenomena were obtained via continuous CCD observation combined with discharge-signal measurements. The results show that individual particles mainly exhibit surface rolling and hopping

and short-range start–stop motions with frequent direction changes become prevalent at high voltages. Cluster migration can be categorized into three modes—directional drift

local activation

and collision activation induced by electrode-emitted particles—and the dominant mechanism switches in stages as the voltage increases. During voltage ramping

particle activity increases with pronounced fluctuations

while dispersion grows in a stepwise nonlinear manner; a low-activity window appears at approximately 18–28 kV

and above ~30 kV electrode emission is markedly enhanced

leading to stronger transverse dispersion. Higher voltages also require longer times for the particle cluster to reach a quasi-steady state. Overall

the migration of particle clusters on a horizontal insulating surface under AC voltage is governed by the coupled effects of electric-field forces and Coulomb interactions in a low-damping horizontal configuration across different field levels. These findings provide experimental evidence for understanding the evolution mechanisms and assessing the risk of particle defects in mechanism-chamber-type horizontal insulation structures.

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