Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials

ZHU Ge; MEI Kuisheng; YE Hao; TAO Yubing

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202610019

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Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials

更新时间：2026-09-29

- Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 10, Pages: 220-230(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室，710049，西安
  西安交通大学未来技术学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202610019
  CLC： TK02
- Received：07 February 2026，
  
  Online First：09 May 2026，
  
  Published：10 October 2026
- 稿件说明：
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ZHU Ge, MEI Kuisheng, YE Hao, et al. Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (10):220-230. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202610019.
DOI：

ZHU Ge, MEI Kuisheng, YE Hao, et al. Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials[J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2026,60 (10):220-230. https://doi.org/10.7652/xjtuxb202610019. DOI：

摘要

针对有机固液相变材料的导热系数低及液相易泄漏难题，结合废弃生物质资源的高值化利用，提出了一种生物炭骨架结构改性与界面化学调控的双重优化策略。以废弃木材白松为碳源，采用KOH化学活化与Fe负载分步处理，制备了具有分级孔隙结构的磁性高导热生物炭载体（KFeC）。以此为基体，引入生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂作为界面改性剂，制备了KFeC/石蜡/鼠李糖脂定型复合相变材料（KFeC/PWR）。系统研究了载体孔隙结构、界面改性等因素对复合材料相变行为、导热性能及热循环稳定性的影响。研究结果表明：KOH活化与Fe诱导的碳骨架局部有序化协同作用，显著优化了生物炭的孔隙结构，KFeC的比表面积提升至原始生物炭的2.03倍；原位生成的铁物种（Fe

/Fe

）纳米粒子构建了高效导热网络，使复合材料的导热系数达到0.602W·m

-1

·K

-1

，为纯石蜡的2.5倍。此外，鼠李糖脂通过在无机-有机界面处的锚定作用，显著改善了界面相容性并增强了毛细吸附力。在50次熔融凝固循环后，KFeC/PWR的潜热损失率仅为1.95%，远低于未改性组的12.25%，且无宏观泄漏现象。该研究证实了生物表面活性剂辅助封装策略的有效性，为设计长寿命、高可靠性的生物质基相变热能储存材料提供了新思路。

Abstract

To address the challenges of low thermal conductivity and liquid leakage in organic solid-liquid phase change materials

combined with the high-value utilization of waste biomass resources

a dual optimization strategy involving the framework structure modification of biochar and interfacial chemical regulation was proposed. Using waste white pine wood as the carbon source

a magnetic and highly thermally conductive biochar support (KFeC) with a hierarchical pore structure was prepared through a stepwise treatment of KOH chemical activation and Fe loading. Using this as the matrix

the biosurfactant rhamnolipid was introduced as an interfacial modifier

and a form-stable KFeC/paraffin/rhamnolipid composite phase change material (KFeC/PWR) was prepared. The effects of the pore structure of the support and interfacial modification on the phase change behavior

thermal conductivity

and thermal cycling stability of the composite materials were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that through the synergistic effect of KOH activation and Fe-induced local ordering of the carbon skeleton

the pore structure of the biochar was significantly optimized

and the specific surface area of KFeC was increased to

2.03times that of the original biochar. Furthermore

an efficient thermal conduction network was constructed by in-situ generated iron species (Fe

/Fe

) nanoparticles

and the thermal conductivity of the composite material was increased to 0.602W·m

-1

·K

-1

which was 2.5times that of pure paraffin. In addition

the interfacial compatibility was significantly improved and the capillary adsorption force was enhanced by rhamnolipid through its anchoring effect at the inorganic-organic interface. After 50melting-freezing cycles

the latent heat loss rate of KFeC/PWR was only 1.95%

which was much lower than 12.25% in the unmodified group

and no macroscopic leakage phenomenon was observed. The effectiveness of the biosurfactant-assisted encapsulation strategy was validated by this study

and a new approach was provided for the design of long-life and highly reliable biomass-based phase change thermal energy storage materials.

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