Study on Performance Optimization and Marginal Effect of Vacuum Multi-Layer Insulation Structure Coupled with Vapor-Cooled Shield for Liquid Hydrogen Tank

LI Ke; ZHU Shun; LIU Ke; LI Xiaozhen; TIAN Lei; WEN Jian

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Study on Performance Optimization and Marginal Effect of Vacuum Multi-Layer Insulation Structure Coupled with Vapor-Cooled Shield for Liquid Hydrogen Tank

更新时间：2026-09-23

- Study on Performance Optimization and Marginal Effect of Vacuum Multi-Layer Insulation Structure Coupled with Vapor-Cooled Shield for Liquid Hydrogen Tank
- JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，710049, 陕西西安
  2.西北工业大学柔性电子全国重点实验室，710072，陕西西安
  3.陕西化工研究院有限公司，710054，陕西西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： TK91
- Received：08 June 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-07-18，
  
  Accepted：23 September 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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LI Ke, ZHU Shun, LIU Ke, et al. Study on Performance Optimization and Marginal Effect of Vacuum Multi-Layer Insulation Structure Coupled with Vapor-Cooled Shield for Liquid Hydrogen Tank[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY,2026-09-23. http://zkxb.xjtu.edu.cn/en/article/172405239/.
DOI：

LI Ke, ZHU Shun, LIU Ke, et al. Study on Performance Optimization and Marginal Effect of Vacuum Multi-Layer Insulation Structure Coupled with Vapor-Cooled Shield for Liquid Hydrogen Tank[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY,2026-09-23. http://zkxb.xjtu.edu.cn/en/article/172405239/. DOI：

摘要

增加液氢储罐真空多层绝热结构中辐射屏的层数必然会提升储罐的绝热性能，本研究针对液氢储罐高效绝热与结构轻量化的需求，探讨了层数增加时多层绝热结构绝热性能的边际效应。基于考虑了辐射传热、固体导热和残余气体导热的稳态传热模型，构建了耦合蒸气冷却屏（VCS）与仲正催化转化（POC）的真空多层绝热结构仿真模型；还引入了一种连续变密度真空多层绝热（VDMLI）结构优化方法，获得了不同辐射屏层数下的最佳层排布和对应的最小漏热热流密度。基于模型，系统分析了VCS设置与否、VCS位置、VCS耦合POC和VCS数量对储罐绝热性能边际效应的影响规律。结果表明，随着VDMLI中VCS数量的增加，漏热热流密度的下降速率逐渐放缓，即系统的绝热性能提升主要由前级VCS主导，后续增设VCS所带来的增益有限。单VCS耦合POC后可显著提升系统绝热性能，尤其在辐射屏层数较多时表现更为显著。VDMLI中设置不同VCS数量（0、1、2、3）时，或采用1VCS耦合POC时，随着辐射屏层数增加，VDMLI结构的漏热热流密度的边际效应显著下降，当层数超过50层后，继续增加层数对绝热性能的提升不足1%。研究结果可为液氢储罐中耦合VCS与POC的VDMLI结构设计与参数优化提供理论依据。

Abstract

Increasing the number of radiation shield in the vacuum multi-layer insulation of liquid hydrogen tank will inevitably enhance the thermal insulation performance of tank. To address the demands of high insulation efficiency and structural light weighting

the marginal effects of increasing the number of radiation shield on the insulation performance of vacuum multi-layer insulation are investigated. Based on a steady-state heat transfer model that couples radiation heat transfer

solid heat conduction

and residual gas conduction

a simulation model of vacuum multi-layer insulation integrating vapor-cooled shield (VCS) and para-ortho catalytic conversion (POC) was developed. Furthermore

an optimization method for a variable-density multi-layer insulation (VDMLI) was introduced to determine the optimal layer arrangement and the corresponding minimum heat leakage flux for setting different numbers of radiation shields. Based on this model

a systematic analysis was conducted on the effect of VCS configuration (presence/absence)

VCS position

the combination of VCS with POC

and the number of VCS on the marginal effects of the insulation performance of tank. The results indicate that

as the number of VCS in VDMLI increases

the rate of reduction in heat leakage flux gradually slows down. In other words

the improvement in system insulation is primarily driven by the first VCS

with subsequent VCS providing diminishing returns. Coupling a single VCS with POC significantly enhances the insulation performance

becoming particularly pronounced with a higher number of radiation shields. The analysis of VDMLI configurations with different numbers of VCS (0

or single VCS coupled with POC reveals a significant decrease in the marginal effect on heat leakage flux as the number of radiation shields increases. When the number of layers exceeds 50

further increasing the number of radiation shield improves insulation performance by less than 1%. The findings of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the design and parameter optimization of VDMLI integrated with VCS and POC in liquid hydrogen tank.

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references

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